Effect of Autogenous Platelet-rich Plasma (PRP) on Femoral Cancellous Bone Defect Healing in Alloxan-induced Diabetic Rabbits

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of PRP on healing of femoral cancellous bone defect in diabetic rabbit. The experiment was conducted on 20 male adult New Zealand white rabbits. After induction of diabetes rabbits were divided into two groups of control and experiment of 10 rabbits each. After general anesthesia, a hole in size of 4×5 mm in diameter and depth was made using a dental bit between lateral and medial condyles of left femor. In control group, defect was left untreated and in experiment group, the created hole was filled with autologous PRP. Five rabbits were sacrificed at 1 and 2 month after surgery and evaluated histopathologically. Histomorphometrically evaluation was compared with healthy bone samples of 2 month after surgery. Data were submitted to statistical analysis by variance analysis (ANOVA) and Tukey test, at a significance level of 5% (p<0.05). In diabetic control group, within 1 month, immature granulation tissue was observed. In 2 month, some more mature lamellar bone along with areas of connective tissue could be observed. In diabetic experiment group, within 1 month, mature granulation tissue formed, within 2 month, bone formation could be observed, and bone neoformation was compact, with bone trabeculas. Differences observed in histomorphometrically findings were significant between diabetic control group and diabetic experiment group (p=0/001). The results of this study show that PRP provide a rapid regeneration of bone defects in femoral cancellous bone in diabetic rabbits.